Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2020 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 5 Articles
Panax notoginseng (PN) has been used as a qi- and blood-activating (Huoxue) drug for thousands of years in China. It has also\nbeen widely used as an anticancer drug at present. As a Huoxue drug, the effect of PN on hematopoietic differentiation in tumorbearing\nbody has been paid more and more attention. Our research found that panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), especially\npanaxadiol saponins (PDS) and its aglucon 20(S)-Protopanaxdiol (PPD), could improve the immunosuppressive state by regulating\nthe abnormal hematopoietic differentiation in a tumor-bearing body by multiple ways����.....
Patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) still depend on chemotherapy regimens\nthat are associated with significant limitations, including resistance and toxicity. The contribution\nof tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to the prolongation of survival in these patients is limited,\nhampering clinical implementation. It is suggested that an optimal combination of appropriate TKIs\ncan outperform treatment strategies that contain chemotherapy. We have previously identified a\nstrongly synergistic drug combination (SDC), consisting of axitinib, erlotinib, and dasatinib that\nis active in renal cell carcinoma cells. In this study, we investigated the activity of this SDC in\ndifferent CRC cell lines (SW620, HT29, and DLD-1) in more detail. SDC treatment significantly\nand synergistically decreased cell metabolic activity and induced apoptosis. The translation of the\nin-vitro-based results to in vivo conditions revealed significant CRC tumor growth inhibition, as\nevaluated in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Phosphoproteomics analysis of\nthe tested cell lines revealed expression profiles that explained the observed activity. In conclusion,\nwe demonstrate promising activity of an optimized mixture of axitinib, erlotinib, and dasatinib in\nCRC cells, and suggest further translational development of this drug mixture....
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) receptors are non-selective cation channels\nresponsive to a variety of exogenous irritants and endogenous stimuli including products of oxidative\nstress. It is mainly expressed by primary sensory neurons; however, expression of TRPA1 by astrocytes\nand oligodendrocytes has recently been detected in the mouse brain. Genetic deletion of TRPA1\nwas shown to attenuate cuprizone-induced oligodendrocyte apoptosis and myelin loss in mice.\nIn the present study we aimed at investigating mGFAP-Cre conditional TRPA1 knockout mice in the\ncuprizone model����.....
Puerarin (PUR), an 8-C-glucoside of daidzein extracted from Pueraria plants, is closely related to autophagy, reduced reactive\noxygen species (ROS) production, and anti-inflammatory effects, but its effects on human nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem\ncells (NPMSCs) have not yet been identified. In this study, NPMSCs were cultured in a compression apparatus to simulate the\nmicroenvironment of the intervertebral disc under controlled pressure (1.0 MPa), and we found that cell viability was decreased\nand apoptosis level was gradually increased as compression duration was prolonged. After PUR administration, apoptosis level\nevaluated by flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity was remitted, and protein levels of Bas as well as cleaved caspase-3 were\ndecreased, while elevated Bcl-2 level was identified. Moreover, ATP production detection, ROS, and JC-1 fluorography as well as\nquantitative analysis suggested that PUR could attenuate intercellular ROS accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction.\nBesides, the rat tail compression model was utilized, which indicated that PUR could restore impaired nucleus pulposus\ndegeneration induced by compression. The PI3K/Akt pathway was identified to be deactivated after compression stimulation by\nwestern blot, and PUR could rescue the phosphorylation of Akt, thus reactivating the pathway. The effects of PUR, such as\nantiapoptosis, cell viability restoration, antioxidation, and mitochondrial maintenance, were all counteracted by application of\nthe PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor (LY294002). Summarily, PUR could alleviate compression-induced apoptosis and cell death of\nhuman NPMSCs in vitro as well as on the rat compression model and maintain intracellular homeostasis by stabilizing\nmitochondrial membrane potential and attenuating ROS accumulation through activating the PI3K/Akt pathway....
Background. Infrasound is a major threat to global health by causing injuries of the central nervous system (CNS). However, there\nremains no effective therapeutic agent for preventing infrasound-caused CNS injury�����....
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